A capacitor is a circuit component with an insulating medium between two metal plates.Its unit is Farad and its symbol is F.Capacitors use the electric field between two conductors to store energy. The charges carried by the two conductors are equal in magnitude but opposite in sign.
A capacitor includes two electrodes, and the charges stored in the two electrodes are equal in magnitude and opposite in sign.The electrode itself is a conductor, and the two electrodes are separated by an insulator (or dielectric) called Dielectric or an insulating metal.This kind of metal sheet is usually aluminum sheet or aluminum foil. If aluminum oxide is used as the dielectric, it is an electrolytic capacitor.Charge will be stored on the surface of the electrode, close to the dielectric.Since the charges stored in the two electrodes are equal in magnitude and opposite in sign, the capacitor always remains electrically neutral.
Dielectric molecules rotate due to the influence of the electric field. After the rotation, a reverse electric field is generated, thus offsetting part of the original electric field. This effect is called electric polarization.
